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šŸ’„How MBridge cross border CBDC encourages foreign digital yuan usešŸ’„
November 01, 2022
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Today at Hong Kong Fintech Week, the central bank participants in the MBridge cross border payment initiative discussed the central bank digital currency (CBDC) project. Examples mentioned in the first use case for trade payments and other potential applications appear to encourage theĀ digital yuanā€˜s internationalization.Ā 

The recentĀ MBridge pilotĀ involved commercial and central banks from Hong Kong, China, Thailand and the UAE making international corporate payments. The project is hosted by the BIS Innovation Hub in Hong Kong.

As a quick overview, MBridge is aĀ multi-CBDCĀ project involving a single blockchain infrastructure, with each central bank hosting its own node and controlling its digital currency. It’s aĀ wholesaleĀ multi-CBDC payment infrastructure where only the central and commercial banks participate, and it is primarily intended for cross border payments.

Expanding the reach of the digital yuan, eCNY

Each country has a different role, with China leading the technical work and the UAE spearheading the business side with use cases.Ā 

The UAE advisor Shu-Pui Li discussed the international trade use case. Talking about the recent pilot, Li mentioned some transactions were for oil and gas payments. ā€œChinese corps (corporates) paying to the UAE are happy to use eCNY (digital yuan),ā€ said Li. ā€œAnd the corporates in the UAE are more than happy to receive eCNY.ā€Ā 

He gave another example of a UAE company that buys vaccines from China and would normally pay in US dollars. ā€œThey pay to Hong Kong, so they’re flexible to pay eHKD or eCNY,ā€ he said.

According to Li, 60% of China’s trade with MENA goes through the UAE. China is also the UAE’s top customer for oil and gas and 300,000 Chinese nationals work in the country.

Li discussed two other uses cases – for infrastructure finance and as an alternative to correspondent banks – although it was unclear whether the other central banks have endorsed these.Ā 

On the topic of infrastructure finance, Li mentioned One Belt One Road, the Chinese foreign investment initiative. It’s controversial in the West because some countriesĀ will not be able to repay China, creating a dependency. ā€œWe’re talking hundreds of these projects in One Belt One Road,ā€ said Li. ā€ And the UAE can play a very significant role in the One Belt One Road infrastructure financing.ā€

Mr. Li discussed a third use case, using a CBDC cross border payment infrastructure as an alternative to correspondent banking. By using blockchain, there is no need for intermediary banks as happens today in cross border payments. Cutting out the middleman can save costs and payment delays.Ā 

But an infrastructure such as MBridge also creates an alternative to the SWIFT payment messaging system, which has been used to enforce Western sanctions. ā€œFor soundness, we need highly resilient robustness,ā€ said Mr. Li. ā€œWe cannot tolerate any disruption. At the moment, we see that’s happening,ā€ said Mr Li.

At a practical level, there are also signs of eCNY ambitions. For example, the Bank of Thailand and the UAE did not allow foreign banks to hold their domestic digital currencies overnight. But the People’s Bank of China and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority allowed it.

The road ahead

China started its eCNY project in 2014, and activity accelerated with the unveiling of Facebook’s Libra in 2019. A few months later, we wrote about the potential for a digital renminbi (RMB) toĀ expand the Chinese currency’s internationalĀ reach.Ā 

In October 2020, China officially launched itsĀ first retail CBDC pilots, emphasizing the domestic use case. Five months later, MBridge was announced for cross border payments as anĀ extension of the Thai-Hong Kong Inthanon-LionRock project. Early plans shared a year ago highlightĀ MBridge’s big ambitions. And the recentĀ paper on the MBridge projectĀ makes it clear that this is more than research and aims to go into production.Ā 

During today’s talk, there was active canvassing for more central banks to join. Mu Changchun, who leads China’s Digital Currency Institute, explained that central banks don’t need to have an existing CBDC to join the project. MBridge can connect directly to a real time gross settlement (RTGS) system to convert central bank reserves to digital currency.Ā 

No matter how many central banks sign up, the message is clear. In the near future, cross-border payments will become far more fragmented compared to the recent past dominated by SWIFT. Rising geopolitical tensions act as an accelerant.

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US Dept of Commerce to publish GDP data on blockchain

On Tuesday during a televised White House cabinet meeting, Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick announced the intention to publish GDP statistics on blockchains. Today Chainlink and Pyth said they were selected as the decentralized oracles to distribute the data.

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List Of Cardano Wallets

Well-known and actively maintained wallets supporting the Cardano Blockchain areĀ Eternl,Ā Typhon,Ā Vespr,Ā Yoroi,Ā Lace,Ā ADAlite,Ā NuFi,Ā Daedalus,Ā Gero,Ā LodeWallet,Ā Coin Wallet,Ā ADAWallet,Ā Atomic,Ā Gem Wallet,Ā TrustĀ andĀ Exodus.

Note that in case of issues, usually only queries relating to official wallets can be answered in Cardano groups across telegram/forum. You may need to consult with specific wallet support teams for third party wallets.

Tips

  • Its is important to ensure that you're in sole control of your wallet keys, and that the keys used can be restored via alternate wallet providers if a particular one is non-functional. Hence, put extra attention toĀ Non-CustodialĀ andĀ CompatibilityĀ fields.
  • The score column below is strictly a count of checks against each feature listed, the impact of specific feature (and thus, score) is up to reader's descretion.
  • The table represents current state on mainnet network, any future roadmap activities are out-of-scope.
  • Info on individual fields can be found towards the end of the page.
  • Any field that shows partial support (eg: open-source field) does not score the point for that field.

Brief info on fields above

  • Non-Custodial: are wallets where payment as well as stake keys are not shared/reused by wallet provider, and funds can be transparently verified on explorer
  • Compatibility: If the wallet mnemonics/keys can easily (for non-technical user) be used outside of specific wallet provider in major other wallets
  • Stake Control: Freedom to elect stake pool for user to delegate to (in user-friendly way)
  • Transparent Support: Easy approachability of a public interactive - eg: discord/telegram - group (with non-anonymous users) who can help out with support. Twitter/Email supports do not count for a check
  • Voting: Ability to participate in Catalyst voting process
  • Hardware Wallet: Integration with atleast Ledger Nano device
  • Native Assets: Ability to view native assets that belong to wallet
  • dApp Integration: Ability to interact with dApps
  • Stability: represents whether there have been large number of users reporting missing tokens/balance due to wallet backend being out of sync
  • Testnets Support: Ability to easily (for end-user) open wallets in atleast one of the cardano testnet networks
  • Custom Backend Support: Ability to elect a custom backend URL for selecting alternate way to submit transactions transactions created on client machines
  • Single/Multi Address Mode: Ability to use/import Single as well as Multiple Address modes for a wallet
  • Mobile App: Availability on atleast one of the popular mobile platforms
  • Desktop (app,extension,web): Ways to open wallet app on desktop PCs
  • Open Source: Whether the complete wallet (all components) are open source and can be run independently.

Source

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XLM: GDMJF2OCHN3NNNX4T4F6POPBTXK23GTNSNQWUMIVKESTHMQM7XDYAIZT
XDC: xdcc2C02203C4f91375889d7AfADB09E207Edf809A6

Ā 

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