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🚀 Flare Launch Process 🚀
January 07, 2023
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The Flare launch is delicate, as it involves a rather large airdrop, a community vote, and the deployment of a novel meritocratic consensus system. For this reason, it has been divided into a series of sequential phases with clearly-defined triggers that signal each transition.

The main goal of this page is to remove any confusion around the launch process by clearly describing the purpose of each phase and what happens in them.

The secondary goal is to serve as a real-time tracker of the current phase.

Without further ado:

 

Definitions#

Some definitions are required so the rest of the page is clear and unambiguous.

  • FIP.01: A governance proposal that, among other things, changes the initial token distributions as explained below. This proposal needs to be voted on according to the schedule described in this page.

  • Flare Airdrop for XRP Holders: Certain holders of XRP tokens on Dec 12, 2020, were eligible to register for the FLR token distribution (then called Spark tokens) once the Flare network launched. The claiming process is described in this (slightly outdated) Flare blog post.

    The FIP.01 proposal modifies the way in which the airdrop works.

  • Original Airdrop: 28.53B FLR tokens, which in the original distribution plan went to those who registered for the distribution.

  • New Airdrop: 4.28B FLR tokens destined for those that registered for the distribution.

  • Delegation Incentive Pool (DIP): 24.25B FLR tokens destined for any Flare holder that participates in the network over 36 months as per the FIP.01 distribution plan.

    Note that the New Airdrop plus the DIP match the Original Airdrop.

  • Token Distribution Event (TDE): The moment when the initial FLR tokens are distributed to those that registered for the FLR token distribution. These tokens were minted and locked when the network was created and will be released when it is sufficiently decentralized.

Token Distribution Plans#

It is worth summarizing the two current token distribution plans, as only one of them will be implemented depending on whether FIP.01 is approved or not.

  • Original Distribution Plan:

    • 15% of the original airdrop is sent to those that registered for the FLR distribution upon the TDE, with the rest delivered monthly over the following 30 months.
    • Inflation is 10% of the fully diluted supply, per annum.
  • FIP.01 Distribution Plan:

    • The new airdrop is sent to those that registered for the FLR distribution upon the TDE, the DIP will be distributed to ALL FLR token holders (actually, wrapped FLR holders) over 36 months (Flare employees and companies excluded).
    • Inflation is 10% of available supply in the first year, then 7% the following year, 5% the year after and in perpetuity, except that from year 3 onwards inflation is capped at 5bn FLR per year.
    • Inflation distribution: 70% to FTSO rewards, 20% to validator rewards and 10% to the default Attestation Provider Set of the state connector.

Flare Beta#

Decentralization will be achieved by moving the transaction validation duty from the Flare Foundation to community-run FTSO data providers, but this will not happen instantly.

Instead, in order to ensure a safe transition, a number of professional validators will be initially employed.

The professional validators will be chosen among companies with proven experience running blockchain infrastructure, and will at first hold most of the validation power. This power, though, will be progressively shifted onto the community-run validators until they run the network on their own.

This initial period is called Flare Beta, and it will span several launch phases (marked in blue in the diagram above).

Flare Beta Details#

During this period:

  • There are 22 total validators with equal validation power (20K FLR each, initially).

    • 4 run by the Flare Foundation.
    • 16 run by 4 professional validators.
    • 2 "virtual validators" collectively run by ALL FTSO data providers together.

      FTSO data providers have their initial validation power artificially reduced so that all of them combined have the power of two validators (i.e. 40K FLR tokens).

      Validator rewards (20% of inflation) are split 50% for the professional validators and 50% for the FTSO data providers.

  • The validation power for each FTSO validator will be calculated monthly by an external script (public, auditable and based on on-chain data) and shared among all validators.

    • Each FTSO's share of validation power will depend on its FTSO performance and its own stake, as is done with the voting power used in the normal FTSO operation.
    • The total validation power allocated for FTSO will start at 40K FLR but will gradually increase until it matches the real stake each FTSO has (including delegations).
  • Validation rewards for FTSOs will increase accordingly as their collective validation power increases.

  • Estimated duration: 6-9 months, depending on the evolution of the network.

Launch Phases#

Private Observation Mode#

Trigger: The Flare network Launches

On July 14th 2022 the network started centralized, with only 21 validators, run by the Flare Foundation.

Flare validator source code is not available yet.

FTSO data providers:


Public Observation Mode#

Trigger: The Flare validator source code becomes publicly available

Professional validators start onboarding, so the network starts becoming decentralized.

FTSO data providers:


Initial Distribution Period#

Trigger: 66% of validator power is independent of Flare,
AND
Exchanges agree to distribute the FLR token to their customers within a few days of the TDE

Token Distribution Event (TDE) happens

The new airdrop is sent to the Flare addresses provided by XRP token holders when they claimed.

Part of the airdrop is expected to go to Exchange accounts, which will then distribute it to the users that originally claimed (the intended recipients).

Flare will monitor how many of the airdrop tokens have reached the intended recipients, by following the Exchange's communication channels.

FTSO data providers:

FTSO and validator rewards are enabled. Inflation is not burned anymore.


FIP.01 Notice Period#

Trigger: 66% of the new airdrop reaches its intended recipients

The FIP.01 proposal modifies how the rest of the tokens (after the TDE) are to be distributed, so it needs to be voted on by the community. Users will vote with their FLR token stake, so voting cannot start until enough tokens have reached the intended recipients.

Once 66% of the FLR tokens distributed during the TDE reach these users, a 1-week notice period will start.

Flare will announce to the community that enough tokens have been distributed and the notice period has started.


FIP.01 Voting Period#

Trigger: 1 week after Notice Period starts

All FLR token holders (obtained either from the new airdrop or bought at Exchanges) can vote on FIP.01 using a voting front-end (under development).

Flare will announce to the community that the Voting Period has started and relay instructions on how to vote.

Voting Period will last 1 week.


Regular Operation (Beta)#

Trigger: FIP.01 is approved after 1 week of voting

The changes proposed in FIP.01 are implemented. The DIP is distributed to ALL holders of FLR during 37 months.

Flare Beta is still in operation but community-run validators gradually gain more power.


Regular Operation#

Trigger: Community-run FTSO validators are deemed reliable enough

Flare Beta ends.

FTSO validators's validation power is not artificially reduced anymore and validator rewards (20% of inflation) are distributed equally among all validators according to their performance and stake.


Regular Non-FIP.01 Operation#

Trigger: FIP.01 is NOT approved after 1 week of voting

The Original Distribution Plan is implemented.

Link

API PORTAL BETA

Flare Technical Documentation

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https://www.reuters.com/press-releases/xdc-ventures-acquires-contour-network-launches-stablecoin-lab-trade-finance-2025-10-22/

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The budding billionaire has long been fascinated by markets and tech. When he was just 14, Coplan emailed the regional Securities and Exchange Commission office to ask how to create new marketplaces. “I did not get a response, but it’s a really funny email,” he says, grinning playfully as he thinks of his younger self. “It just shows that this stuff takes over a decade of percolating in your mind.”

Two years later, Coplan showed up at the offices of internet startup Genius uninvited after multiple emails of his asking for an internship went ignored. At age 16—at least a decade younger than anyone in that office—he secured his first job after making a memorable impression with his “wild curls” and “encyclopedic knowledge of billionaire tech entrepreneurs.” “If he chooses to become a tech entrepreneur, which seems likely, I have no doubt that we’ll be seeing his name again in the press before long,” Chris Glazek, his manager at the time, wrote in Coplan’s college recommendation letter.

Coplan went on to study computer science at NYU, but dropped out in 2017 to work on various crypto projects that never took off. In 2020, he founded Polymarket to create a solution to the “rampant misinformation” he saw in the world: The company’s first market allowed users to bet on when New York City would reopen amid the pandemic. He soon expanded into elections and pop culture happenings, among other events.

But it didn’t take long for the company to butt heads with regulators. In January 2022, Polymarket paid a $1.4 million fine to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission for offering unregistered markets. It was also ordered to block all U.S. users, but activity on Polymarket skyrocketed particularly during the 2024 U.S. presidential election, with bets totaling $3.6 billion. A week after the election, the FBI raided Coplan's apartment and seized his devices as part of an investigation into a possible violation of this agreement. Shortly after, Coplan posted on his X account that he saw the raid as “a last-ditch effort” from the Biden administration “to go after companies they deem to be associated with political opponents.”

In July, the Department of Justice and CFTC dropped the investigations—after which Sprecher reached out to Coplan for dinner—and less than a week later, Polymarket announced it had acquired CFTC-licensed derivatives exchange QCX to prepare for a compliant U.S. launch. QCX applied to be a federally-registered exchange in 2022—an application that was left dormant for three years before receiving approval less than two weeks before the acquisition was announced. When asked about the timing of the deal, Coplan points to CFTC acting chairwoman Caroline Pham, who President Trump tapped to lead the agency in January. “Caroline deserves a lot of credit for getting every single license that had been paused for no reason approved, as acting chairwoman in less than a year,” he says. Coplan had realized an acquisition might be the only way for Polymarket to legally operate in the U.S. as early as 2021 due to the lengthy federal approval process, a source familiar with the deal told Forbes.

Just two months after the acquisition and days after Donald Trump Jr. joined Polymarket’s advisory board, the company received federal approval to launch in the U.S. (Trump Jr. has also served as a strategic advisor to Polymarket’s main competitor Kalshi since January.)

Polymarket’s rapid rise has drawn critics. Dennis Kelleher, co-founder and CEO of Washington-based financial advocacy group Better Markets, told Forbes in an email that the current administration’s deregulation around prediction markets has unlocked a regulatory “loophole” to enable “unregulated gambling” under the CFTC, “which has zero expertise, capacity or resources to regulate and police these markets.” Kelleher added that with backing from the Trump family “who are directly trying to profit on this new gambling den
 the massive deregulation and crypto hysteria will almost certainly end badly for the American people.”

Investors and businesses are scrambling to seize the moment of deregulation. “We had opportunities to invest in events markets earlier, but there was a lot of risk,” Sprecher says, listing the regulatory changes in favor of crypto and prediction markets under the current administration. “This was the moment to invest if we wanted to still be early in the space.”

In the last few months, Trump’s Truth Social and sportsbook FanDuel, as well as cryptocurrency exchanges Crypto.com, Coinbase and Gemini all announced their own plans to offer prediction markets. Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev said prediction markets, which were integrated into its platform in March, were helping drive record activity for the retail brokerage in its third quarter earnings call.

“People are starting to realize right now that the opportunities are endless,” says Dubin, the billionaire hedge fund veteran who invested in Polymarket earlier this year. He points to sports betting companies, which have been regulated by states as gambling activity and taxed accordingly. States like New York can tax up to 51% of sportsbooks’ revenue, but federally-regulated prediction markets can bypass state laws, avoiding taxes and operating in all 50 states. With the realization that prediction markets could upend the sports betting industry—which brought in $13.7 billion in revenue in 2024—businesses are quickly jumping on board despite pushback from state gambling regulators. In October, both Polymarket and Kalshi secured partnerships with sportsbook PrizePicks and the National Hockey League, and Polymarket announced exclusive partnerships with sportsbook DraftKings and the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

The disruption won’t be limited to sports betting. Alongside its investment, Intercontinental’s tens of thousands of institutional clients including large hedge funds and over 750 third-party providers of data will soon have access to Polymarket data, as it gets integrated into Intercontinental’s products such as indices to better inform investment decisions. It also hopes to work with Polymarket to work on initiatives around tokenization—or converting financial assets into digital tokens on blockchain technology—to allow traders on Intercontinental’s exchanges to trade more flexibly at all hours of the day, Sprecher says. What’s more, in November, Google Finance announced it would integrate Polymarket and Kalshi data into its search results, while Yahoo Finance also announced an exclusive partnership with Polymarket.

Despite flashy investors, partnerships and a record $2.4 billion of trading volume in November, Polymarket has yet to launch in the U.S. or turn a profit. Coplan and his investors have hinted at ways the company could make money one day—selling its data, charging fees to users, launching a cryptocurrency token (similar to Ethereum or Bitcoin)—but decline to confirm any specifics. For now, the only thing that’s certain is the bet Coplan is making on himself. “Going for it and having it not pan out is an infinitely better outcome than living your life as a what if,” he says.

Standing across from the New York Stock Exchange building, Coplan tilts his head up as he watches a massive banner with Polymarket’s logo get hoisted onto the exterior of the building. It’s been five years since founding. One year since the FBI raid. He’s taking it all in. “Against all odds,” the bright blue banner reads, rippling in the wind alongside three American flags protruding from the building.

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