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6 Types of Altcoins and Their Use Cases
May 24, 2023

(Dinarian Note: This article was written by my broker Caleb and Brown. I created an account with them in case shit hits the fan and exchanges go down. They will still be able to transact and exchange cryptos into silver, into other cryptos, into FIAT(NOT RECOMMENDED) as it's devaluing or transfer wealth wherever you wish. I highly recommend setting up an account NOW, so its there and waiting when you need it. Dont wait until its too late!)

There’s a whole world beyond Bitcoin.

Bitcoin remains the largest and most well-known digital asset, but it’s joined by thousands of other coins in the crypto ecosystem known as (alternative coins) Altcoins.

Any coin other than Bitcoin goes by this classification – from ETH to the likes of DOGE and XRP – so it's an incredibly diverse space with a large number of coins presenting vastly different use cases to investors and holders.

According to CoinMarketCap, close to 22,000 cryptocurrencies were in circulation at the end of 2022. To help you sift through the sea of altcoins, keep reading to learn all about these unique cryptocurrencies and their functions.

What Are Altcoins and Why do They Exist?

Altcoin is an umbrella term applied to any cryptocurrency other than Bitcoin. Understandable given Bitcoin’s dominance – the first ever cryptocurrency accounts for around 40% of the crypto market (by capitalisation). Altcoins’s share now stands near 60% of the total crypto market cap demonstrating strong growth since 2019 when Bitcion’s market cap made 70% of the market. It’s worth noting that Ethereum makes up 20% of the crypto market cap.

Although some altcoin projects share similarities with Bitcoin, many are altogether different in various ways from their consensus mechanism, to use case, or a combination of both.

Some altcoins have been developed to solve a problem with unique functions; others simply exist to rally and gather a community of investors and often speculators. The levels of adoption and network effects for each project vary.

Types of Altcoins and Their Use Cases

The 6 common types of altcoins are:

Stablecoins

As the name suggests, Stablecoins attempt to offer relative price stability. Their market value is usually pegged to the value of a stable asset, like USD or gold.

This design characteristic lends resistance to (price) volatility, keeping the price as close to equal that of the asset it is pegged to. For example, USDC is pegged to the US Dollar and the price of 1 USDC should be equal to 1 US Dollar at any given time.

Typically, Stablecoins are backed by a reserve asset, as is the case with USDC & USDT – both are backed by and redeemable against the US Dollar. Algorithmic stablecoins are also out there; their smart contracts constantly adjust the supply of the stablecoin to maintain a price as close to a peg as possible. Algorithmic stablecoins, though, are yet to take-off following the collapse of the Terra Luna project.

In effect, stablecoins function more like a fiat currency within a crypto space. They are often traded at high volumes, similar to cash in a traditional market, and are used as vehicles to park funds in crypto.

Meme coins

Meme coins are cryptocurrencies inspired by the social currency of the internet: memes. They could be directly inspired by a meme, like the dog-themed projects Dogecoin (DOGE) and Shiba Inu (SHIB).

Anyone with an internet connection can fabricate and distribute a meme. And with the right technical knowledge, anyone can create and distribute a meme coin, too. Every so often you’ll find celebrity-inspired coins in the market, like this Will Smith-themed coin.

Meme coins typically have a massive or unlimited supply, which accounts for their comparatively low per-unit price.

While meme coins may lack any value beyond a cultural ideal, those invested get the feeling that they're involved in something greater This community of coin evangelists help to grow or maintain interest in the asset through storytelling and social sharing.

Utility Tokens

This type of altcoin functions to provide a service within a network. They could be used as a means to gain access to a service, facilitate transactions, or earn rewards on a network. One example is XRP, a token designed to minimise the friction involved in cross-border transactions.

Another is TFuel, a coin that transfers value between users and providers on the Theta’s peer-to-peer video streaming service.

MATIC, the native token of the Polygon network has a variety of uses. Itmaintains network security through staking and is used as a gas token for transaction fees.

Investors usually invest in utility tokens because they believe in the potential of the underlying project. In a way, the token’s price value is a reflection of the value the project could provide to a wider audience.

Image: Shutterstock

Play-to-Earn Tokens

This type of altcoin exists within the ecosystem of a game or network of games. Users who play the game can earn cryptocurrency rewards in the form of a native token. This can then be used to make in-game purchases (e.g. game-inspired NFTs), swapped into other cryptocurrencies or cashed-out into fiat currencies.

Governance Tokens

Governance tokens give investors a say in how the project they are investing in is run. This democratised approach emphasises the decentralised nature of the project. Token owners not only use the protocol, they own it and shape it, too. Decisions are not made through a top-down, centralised hierarchy. A community votes together on any major platform changes.

Governance tokens usually exist as part of a DAO, or “decentralised autonomous organisation”. DAOs are not run by one central figure, rather users of the protocol abide by rules written into the code of the network, via smart contracts.

The level of sway investors have in a project is usually proportional to the size of their holding. An example would be Maker (MKR), which allows investors to vote on the operation of the MakerDAO platform.

Security Tokens

Security tokens are often seen as the cryptocurrency equivalent to traditional stocks, whereby investors are entitled to dividend payouts as a share of the platform’s earnings.

Investors are attracted to these altcoins thanks to their value generating properties, which investors are familiar with given the stock market. However, these tokens have been subject to regulatory scrutiny , XRP in particular, due to their profit distribution mechanisms, which demands strict regulation according to senior officials such as the SEC’s Gary Gensler.

Why Are Altcoins Important?

Altcoins provide alternative use cases and applications to Bitcoin. As the cryptocurrency market matures, altcoins will continue to gain real-world utility beyond what we’ve described in this article.

Altcoins are important because:

  • Through the use of stablecoins, investors are able to easily access the DeFi market.
  • Through the use of governance tokens, investors can have a say in the direction of the projects they have a stake in.
  • Through the use of play-to-earn tokens, communities in developing countries have found alternative ways to engage and benefit from the crypto ecosystem.
  • Their varying use cases are helping the late majority of adopters understand that cryptocurrency is not limited to the utility of Bitcoin or Ethereum.

Deciding What to Invest in

At present there are over 22,000 cryptocurrencies in existence. Getting decision anxiety?

It doesn’t mean you’ll have to review each one before you enter the market. There are ways to help inform your process of drawing up a shortlist of options.

What is the project solving? Is there utility?

A coin may be performing well right now, but is it worth your time and money? Take time to research the underlying project associated with a coin. What blockchain is it on? What are the use cases for the coin?

Is the coin displaying valuable utility now and will it be sustained? Understanding the goals of the project can provide insight into the potential value for investment.

Do the values of this project align with your values?

At the end of the day, you want to see your investments grow. Within that, some investors might feel more inclined to put their money into causes or projects they believe in, rather than just look to profit from alone. Think about your values. Are you eco-conscious? Are there any social causes that you already support? Chances are there is a project out there that aligns with your principles.

Outside of your values, also consider your current investing habits. What are your investment goals? What is your risk appetite or profile? Over what period are you looking to generate returns?Keep these things in mind when building your portfolio.

Do the values of this project align with your values?

At the end of the day, you want to see your investments grow. Some might feel more inclined to put their money into causes or projects they believe in. Think about your values. Are you eco-conscious? Are there any social causes that you already support? Chances are there is a project out there that aligns with your principles.

Outside of your values, also consider your current investing habits. What is your risk appetite or profile? Do you err on the conservative side? Keep these things in mind when building your portfolio. 

What is the asset’s overall ranking?

The crypto market could change overnight, a relatively unknown cryptocurrency could shoot up to the top 10 just from a tweet. Realistically, the top cryptocurrencies are ranked as such for a reason. Look at these projects and the value they are offering to investors. It may give you some insight into the types of projects you should invest in across the wider crypto universe.

CoinMarketCap ranks all cryptocurrencies and provides useful information on each asset. Image: coinmarketcap.com
CoinMarketCap ranks all cryptocurrencies and provides useful information on each asset. Image: coinmarketcap.com

Read the project white paper

The white paper is a key document for all cryptocurrency projects. Without it, prospective investors wouldn’t have a means to understand a project and its goals.

While reading the white paper, highlight any red flags such as: a lack of real-world utility, issues with legality, token emissions models or a team that operates anonymously.

Price History

Even for a seasoned trader, it can be difficult to spot and identify historical trends. But some of the original projects (e.g. Bitcoin) have a longer history that can be leveraged in your decision making.

Liquidity

Liquidity, or the ability for an asset to be quickly converted into cash or another asset without major price fluctuations, is something else to consider when investing. Larger cap coins (like Bitcoin, Ethereum, or Solana) tend to be more liquid than smaller cap coins.

In the case of stablecoins, their price remains (relatively) constant, so the growth potential is negligible. They are mainly used as a highly liquid trading pair and an entry point into decentralised finance (DeFi), everyday currency, or lending and borrowing.

Volume

Volume is often used to gauge interest in a particular cryptocurrency. When assessing this measurement for a particular coin, weigh up the volume against a select time period. Trending coins could have a high volume one day and see a drop in trading once public interest dies down.

Further Reading: How to Invest in Crypto

FAQs

Where can I buy altcoins?

Through an exchange (centralised or decentralised), or through a broker like Caleb & Brown. You may discover that certain altcoins live on different exchanges, which makes creating trading pairs extremely difficult. If you’re looking for access to multiple exchanges with institutional liquidity across a variety of cryptocurrencies, consider investing through a personal broker at Caleb & Brown.

What is the top altcoin by market cap today?

At time of writing (May 15, 2023), Ethereum is the top altcoin with a market cap of $225 billion.

What consensus mechanism do altcoins use?

Each altcoin is unique. Some may use Proof of Work (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS), or even Proof of Capacity.

Dive Into the World of Altcoins

Altcoins are showing us how cryptocurrencies can be used and applied across a variety of circumstances. They are building upon what Bitcoin created, innovating, and iterating along the way.

Top Ten Altcoins Supported by Caleb & Brown (as at May 15, 2023)

  • Ethereum (ETH)
  • Tether (USDT)
  • Binance (BNB)
  • USD Coin (USDC)
  • XRP (XRP)
  • Cardano (ADA)
  • Solana (SOL)
  • Dogecoin (DOGE)
  • Polygon (MATIC)
  • Polkadot (DOT)

View each altcoin's market cap by visiting CoinMarketCap.

If you’re ready to dive in and make your first altcoin purchase, Caleb & Brown is here to help.

Trusted by over 23,000 investors across 100 countries, our dedicated team of experts works around the clock to carry out all your crypto trades.

We make investing in altcoins easy, allowing you to buy, swap and sell hundreds of altcoins for one low, transparent fee per transaction.

Get set up with a personal broker today and you’ll receive a free security consultation, along with support to help you execute your first altcoin investment.

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XDC Network's acquisition of Contour Network

XDC Network's acquisition of Contour Network marks a silent shift to connect the digital trade infrastructure to real-time, tokenized settlement rails.

In a world where cross-border payments still take days and trap trillions in idle liquidity, integrating Contour’s trade workflows with XDC Network Blockchains' ISO 20022 financial messaging standard to bridge TradFi and Web3 in Trade Finance.

The Current State of Cross-Border Trade Settlements

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Stablecoin Settlement revamping Trade and Tokenization

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Learn how trade finance is being revolutionised:

https://www.reuters.com/press-releases/xdc-ventures-acquires-contour-network-launches-stablecoin-lab-trade-finance-2025-10-22/

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Inside The Deal That Made Polymarket’s Founder One Of The Youngest Billionaires On Earth🌍

One year ago, the FBI raided Polymarket founder Shayne Coplan’s apartment. Now, the college dropout is a billionaire at age 27.

In July, Jeffrey Sprecher, the 70-year-old billionaire CEO of Intercontinental Exchange, the parent company of the New York Stock Exchange, sat at Manhatta, an upscale restaurant in the financial district overlooking the sprawling New York City skyline from the 60th floor. As a sommelier weaved through tables pouring wine, in walked Shayne Coplan—in a T-shirt and jeans, clutching a plastic water bottle and a paper bag with a bagel he’d picked up en route. Sprecher chuckles as he recalls his first impression of the boyish, eccentric entrepreneur: “An old bald guy that works at the New York Stock Exchange, where we require that you wear a suit and tie, next to a mop-headed guy in a T-shirt that's 27.” But Sprecher was fascinated by Polymarket, Coplan’s blockchain-based prediction market, and after dinner, he made his move: “I asked Shayne if he would consider selling us his company.”

Prediction markets like Polymarket let thousands of ordinary people bet on future events—the unemployment rate, say, or when BitCoin will hit an all-time high. In aggregate, prediction market bets have proven to be something of a crystal ball with the wisdom of the crowd often proving itself more prescient than expert opinion. For instance, Polymarket punters predicted that Trump would prevail in the 2024 presidential election, when many national pundits were sure that Kamala Harris would win.

Coplan initially turned down Sprecher’s buyout offer. But discussions led to negotiations and eventually a deal. In October, Intercontinental announced it had invested $2 billion for an up to 25% stake in the company, bringing the young solo founder the balance he was looking for. “We're consumer, we’re viral, we're culture. They’re finance, they’re headless and they’re infrastructure,” Coplan tells Forbes in a recent interview.

At the same time, Coplan announced investments from other billionaires including Figma’s Dylan Field, Zynga’s Mark Pincus, Uber’s Travis Kalanick and hedge fund manager Glenn Dubin. A longtime Red Hot Chili Peppers fan, Coplan even convinced lead singer Anthony Kiedis to invest after a mutual acquaintance brought the musician to Coplan’s apartment one day. “He's buzzing my door, and I’m like, ‘holy shit,'” Coplan recalls, his bright blue eyes widening. “I love their music. A lot of the inspiration [for my work] comes from the music that I listen to.”

Thanks to the deals, Polymarket’s valuation quickly shot to $9 billion, making the 2025 Under 30 alum the world’s youngest self-made billionaire, with an estimated 11% stake worth $1 billion. His reign was short: twenty days later, he was overtaken as the youngest by the three 22-year-old founders of AI startup Mercor.

Young entrepreneurs are minting ten-figure fortunes faster than ever. In addition to the Mercor trio and Coplan, 15 other Under 30 alumni—including ScaleAI cofounder Lucy Guo, Reddit’s Steve Huffman and Cursor’s cofounders—became billionaires this year, while Guo’s cofounder Alexandr Wang and Robinhood’s Vlad Tenev (both former Under 30 honorees) regained their billionaire status after having fallen out of the ranks.

The budding billionaire has long been fascinated by markets and tech. When he was just 14, Coplan emailed the regional Securities and Exchange Commission office to ask how to create new marketplaces. “I did not get a response, but it’s a really funny email,” he says, grinning playfully as he thinks of his younger self. “It just shows that this stuff takes over a decade of percolating in your mind.”

Two years later, Coplan showed up at the offices of internet startup Genius uninvited after multiple emails of his asking for an internship went ignored. At age 16—at least a decade younger than anyone in that office—he secured his first job after making a memorable impression with his “wild curls” and “encyclopedic knowledge of billionaire tech entrepreneurs.” “If he chooses to become a tech entrepreneur, which seems likely, I have no doubt that we’ll be seeing his name again in the press before long,” Chris Glazek, his manager at the time, wrote in Coplan’s college recommendation letter.

Coplan went on to study computer science at NYU, but dropped out in 2017 to work on various crypto projects that never took off. In 2020, he founded Polymarket to create a solution to the “rampant misinformation” he saw in the world: The company’s first market allowed users to bet on when New York City would reopen amid the pandemic. He soon expanded into elections and pop culture happenings, among other events.

But it didn’t take long for the company to butt heads with regulators. In January 2022, Polymarket paid a $1.4 million fine to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission for offering unregistered markets. It was also ordered to block all U.S. users, but activity on Polymarket skyrocketed particularly during the 2024 U.S. presidential election, with bets totaling $3.6 billion. A week after the election, the FBI raided Coplan's apartment and seized his devices as part of an investigation into a possible violation of this agreement. Shortly after, Coplan posted on his X account that he saw the raid as “a last-ditch effort” from the Biden administration “to go after companies they deem to be associated with political opponents.”

In July, the Department of Justice and CFTC dropped the investigations—after which Sprecher reached out to Coplan for dinner—and less than a week later, Polymarket announced it had acquired CFTC-licensed derivatives exchange QCX to prepare for a compliant U.S. launch. QCX applied to be a federally-registered exchange in 2022—an application that was left dormant for three years before receiving approval less than two weeks before the acquisition was announced. When asked about the timing of the deal, Coplan points to CFTC acting chairwoman Caroline Pham, who President Trump tapped to lead the agency in January. “Caroline deserves a lot of credit for getting every single license that had been paused for no reason approved, as acting chairwoman in less than a year,” he says. Coplan had realized an acquisition might be the only way for Polymarket to legally operate in the U.S. as early as 2021 due to the lengthy federal approval process, a source familiar with the deal told Forbes.

Just two months after the acquisition and days after Donald Trump Jr. joined Polymarket’s advisory board, the company received federal approval to launch in the U.S. (Trump Jr. has also served as a strategic advisor to Polymarket’s main competitor Kalshi since January.)

Polymarket’s rapid rise has drawn critics. Dennis Kelleher, co-founder and CEO of Washington-based financial advocacy group Better Markets, told Forbes in an email that the current administration’s deregulation around prediction markets has unlocked a regulatory “loophole” to enable “unregulated gambling” under the CFTC, “which has zero expertise, capacity or resources to regulate and police these markets.” Kelleher added that with backing from the Trump family “who are directly trying to profit on this new gambling den… the massive deregulation and crypto hysteria will almost certainly end badly for the American people.”

Investors and businesses are scrambling to seize the moment of deregulation. “We had opportunities to invest in events markets earlier, but there was a lot of risk,” Sprecher says, listing the regulatory changes in favor of crypto and prediction markets under the current administration. “This was the moment to invest if we wanted to still be early in the space.”

In the last few months, Trump’s Truth Social and sportsbook FanDuel, as well as cryptocurrency exchanges Crypto.com, Coinbase and Gemini all announced their own plans to offer prediction markets. Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev said prediction markets, which were integrated into its platform in March, were helping drive record activity for the retail brokerage in its third quarter earnings call.

“People are starting to realize right now that the opportunities are endless,” says Dubin, the billionaire hedge fund veteran who invested in Polymarket earlier this year. He points to sports betting companies, which have been regulated by states as gambling activity and taxed accordingly. States like New York can tax up to 51% of sportsbooks’ revenue, but federally-regulated prediction markets can bypass state laws, avoiding taxes and operating in all 50 states. With the realization that prediction markets could upend the sports betting industry—which brought in $13.7 billion in revenue in 2024—businesses are quickly jumping on board despite pushback from state gambling regulators. In October, both Polymarket and Kalshi secured partnerships with sportsbook PrizePicks and the National Hockey League, and Polymarket announced exclusive partnerships with sportsbook DraftKings and the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

The disruption won’t be limited to sports betting. Alongside its investment, Intercontinental’s tens of thousands of institutional clients including large hedge funds and over 750 third-party providers of data will soon have access to Polymarket data, as it gets integrated into Intercontinental’s products such as indices to better inform investment decisions. It also hopes to work with Polymarket to work on initiatives around tokenization—or converting financial assets into digital tokens on blockchain technology—to allow traders on Intercontinental’s exchanges to trade more flexibly at all hours of the day, Sprecher says. What’s more, in November, Google Finance announced it would integrate Polymarket and Kalshi data into its search results, while Yahoo Finance also announced an exclusive partnership with Polymarket.

Despite flashy investors, partnerships and a record $2.4 billion of trading volume in November, Polymarket has yet to launch in the U.S. or turn a profit. Coplan and his investors have hinted at ways the company could make money one day—selling its data, charging fees to users, launching a cryptocurrency token (similar to Ethereum or Bitcoin)—but decline to confirm any specifics. For now, the only thing that’s certain is the bet Coplan is making on himself. “Going for it and having it not pan out is an infinitely better outcome than living your life as a what if,” he says.

Standing across from the New York Stock Exchange building, Coplan tilts his head up as he watches a massive banner with Polymarket’s logo get hoisted onto the exterior of the building. It’s been five years since founding. One year since the FBI raid. He’s taking it all in. “Against all odds,” the bright blue banner reads, rippling in the wind alongside three American flags protruding from the building.

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