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ALEO: Road to Mainnet Updates
June 23, 2024
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⚠️ Another one to keep your eyes on... 💎~The Dinarian⚠️

June 2024

We’re now four months along the Road to Mainnet, as our team and community gears up for the final push towards launch. This month, we achieved major milestones that include making our CanaryNet publicly available, testing core functionality against our acceptance criteria, and launching Testnet Beta. 

Our next major milestones are code freeze, which is scheduled for June 15, and finalizing the fully-featured Coinbase Puzzle by the end of June. 

CanaryNet now publicly available

This month, we deprecated the canonical Devnet in favor of having the community run their own isolated devnets to support third-party development and testing to help empower the community to submit bug fixes and protocol upgrades. We also made CanaryNet, previously a closed network, available to the public so they can access new features as soon as possible. When these features are fully validated, they will be upgraded to Testnet Beta.

Testing progress update

In March, we began our weekly core developer meetings with key ecosystem partners and established 7 acceptance criteria required for mainnet, outlined below in more detail under “Mainnet Test Plan.”

Since then, we’ve successfully tested all core functionality. After introducing a few updates, we plan to rerun the acceptance criteria again in Testnet Beta to ensure all new changes are working correctly. We are also implementing the final feature updates to the codebase, including updates to ARC-0041, and are preparing to release the fully featured Coinbase Puzzle.

Deploy on Testnet Beta now

Testnet 3 is officially deprecated and Testnet Beta, a new, public development environment is live, which will allow us to test our acceptance criteria in a more realistic, mainnet-like environment. If you haven’t migrated your app yet, set aside some time and join the folks already running on Testnet Beta.

The updated API endpoints are available below:

To start using and participating in Testnet Beta, you can get Testnet credits from the official Aleo faucets hosted on Leo Wallet and Puzzle Wallet.

Join the ARC-0041 audit contest

Passionate about sniffing out vulnerabilities and interested in making an impact on the security of the Aleo Network? We recently announced our partnership with Sherlock on the ARC-0041 contest, which offers $155,000 for pinpointing and describing code vulnerabilities in ARC-0041. You can register to participate now and begin submitting vulnerabilities on June 10th at 3pm UTC. 

Reaching these milestones has been no small feat, and it has taken no shortage of dedication and hard work. As always, we appreciate how our community comes together to support us as we work together to create a world where a secure blockchain is the new normal.

May 2024

One day, we anticipate that the Aleo Network will secure billions of transactions and data points. This means that certain aspects of the protocol (specifically, the cryptographic logic and consensus as it pertains to value) must be ready from day one. Together with dozens of ecosystem participants, the team is working towards fulfilling a set of acceptance criteria and testing methodology to help provide assurance of the highest standards of security. 

Since our last update in March, we’ve made strides towards our final goal of a mainnet launch. For starters, we implemented ARC-0037 and 0038 with the help of community partners StorSwift, Demox Labs, and Puzzle. These proposals greatly improved the security and usability for validators and delegators and created a new, program-based system for token delegation or “staking.” 

Additionally, the underlying protocol has also been updated to incorporate previous audit fixes, which includes incorporating a fully-synchronous BFT assumption into our Narhwal-Bullshark implementation, updates to the foundational credits.aleo program, and improved client sync performance.  

We’ve validated over 90% of our previously specified test cases in multiple testing environments, including a closed “DevNet” and a semi-open “CanaryNet”. In addition, we have completed testing the Coinbase Puzzle on Devnet and created cannons for public transactions, private transactions, and deployments for easier automated testing.

Testing in progress for ARC-0020

We’ve begun testing a new ARC, ARC-0020. ARC-0020 is a token standard enabling seamless public/private transfer to contracts, which is important for enabling secure DeFi applications on the Aleo Network. It adds several key features, including a one-step approval process for applying off-chain signatures, the ability to send private tokens to smart contracts, and the ability to connect token contracts to the company website using a digital signature. 

Some may be familiar with the popular ERC20 standard, ARC-0020 is similar and different in a few ways. Both define a framework for token interactions on the respective blockchains, featuring similar mechanisms for token transfers, balance inquiries, and third-party transaction approvals. However, ARC-0020 is unique by emphasizing security and efficiency in its operations, using offchain signatures to replace onchain approvals, reducing the amount of data publicly recorded on the blockchain. This approach aims to enhance data security compared to ERC20’s fully public transaction and approval records.

After numerous discussions among various community and ecosystem stakeholders, we’ve reached the current design of ARC-0020. Commenting and voting around ARC-0020 will be on the Aleo Governance platform here. We’ve added unit testing and trialed the initial implementation with ecosystem builders, and hope to implement it soon


Mainnet Test Plan

Two weeks ago, we announced our commitment to transparent updates around the criteria for and progress towards Aleo mainnet. Our belief that every individual has the right to privacy online has led us to this moment: creating and launching a network that is truly zero-knowledge by design.

Today, we’re ready to share our plan for a mainnet launch, the features needed to make it successful, and what you can expect going forward.

Programmable. Private. Permissionless.

We’re committed to launching a mainnet that fulfills Aleo’s core principles — programmable, private, and permissionless. We met with several of our ecosystem partners and established a set of baseline features that were most important to everyone, and from these defined the minimum acceptance criteria needed for a confident mainnet launch. 

Together, we worked to outline the features that could not be compromised on. In order to validate the features and their respective acceptance criteria, test cases were defined and agreed upon by not only members of the Aleo Foundation, but also the broader community of Aleo stakeholders. Each feature detailed below has three specific test cases with increasing amounts of stress to satisfy the minimum acceptance criteria and ensure the network is ready to launch.

aleoBFT Consensus

AleoBFT is our novel consensus mechanism that combines the finality of proof-of-stake with the powerful incentive mechanism of proof-of-work. This hybrid architecture helps us achieve instant finality for block confirmation while utilizing a “coinbase puzzle” to reward provers and incentivize the development of better hardware for zero-knowledge cryptography.

Our goal is a secure and resilient consensus system that minimizes downtime,  is robustly Byzantine fault tolerant, and ensures validators can rapidly synchronize to the latest network state, maintaining overall system integrity and performance.

Client Sync

Client synchronization is crucial for the proper functioning of a network, as it ensures that all participants have a consistent and accurate view of the global state. We're focused on ensuring client nodes can sync from any point in the ledger history to tip quickly and reliably.

This involves optimizing two key methods:

  • CDN snapshots for rapid updates

  • Peer-to-peer gossip for efficient, direct data sharing among nodes

Private & Public Transactions

Public and private transactions, both integral to our mainnet launch, are distinct yet interconnected features we're rigorously testing. Users can generate zero-knowledge proofs to transfer value via the record model, as specified in “ZEXE: Enabling Decentralized Private Computation. For public transactions, users have the capability to transparently update the state using the finalize statement.

Program Deployments

Enabling the development of applications on Aleo is key to our mission, with program deployment playing an essential role. Users will have the capability to create new Aleo programs, utilizing the execute and finalize statements to bring their applications to life. This functionality is foundational to expanding our ecosystem and empowering developers to innovate within Aleo’s secure and privacy-focused environment.

Coinbase Puzzle

The coinbase puzzle is a proof-of-work-type puzzle that is intended to incentivize the development of faster software and hardware for generating zero-knowledge proofs. Provers can submit valid solutions to a coinbase puzzle to receive a reward.

We're integrating the coinbase puzzle to drive advancements in zero-knowledge proof technology, rewarding provers in a way that maintains network stability and sustainable tokennomics.

Staking (ARC 0038

Users have the ability to stake Aleo credits to a validator. Our community partner, Demox Labs, will be leading the effort to implement ARC-0038 on the program level, as well as an audit of that implementation to ensure that the approach is secure. Demox will also be implementing a liquid staking protocol to provide even more flexibility for staking.

Validator/worker separation (ARC 0037)

Our community partner, Provable, has taken the lead on ARC-0037 and published an implementation and design spec that is being reviewed and tested by another one of our community partners, Puzzle.

ARC-0037 aims to reduce the security burden on validators by providing a separate withdrawal address. To address security concerns, during bond_public, validators and delegators designate an unchangeable withdrawal address, securing validator funds in case of compromised "hot" keys. Unbonded credits are directed to this address upon executing claim_unbond_public.

Conducting robust network testing

Several teams from the ecosystem, namely Demox LabsMonadicusSupranationalPuzzle, and Kryha, collaborated with us to extend the testing protocol to ensure the network's readiness for launch. To achieve this, we're introducing a range of testing tools. These tools include a genesis block generator, ahead of time (AOT) transaction and block history generation, and node topology management systems. Additionally, we've launched a canary network in partnership with these ecosystem members. These testing tools help us check how well the network's consensus mechanism works, how smoothly clients sync up, and how fast transactions are processed.

To test these various features against their acceptance criteria, the Aleo Network Foundation team will set up and run a series of test environments, starting with an internal devnet and “canary net”. The devnet is an internal testing environment where the Aleo Network Foundation and Provable are managing the testnet validator rollout, and where initial features are tested before being released upstream. The canary net is a more decentralized, semi-open network that, lets us test the network under more realistic conditions. 

We also plan to launch another testnet, which will be fully open and permissionless, and which should most closely approximate what the Aleo mainnet will look like.

What’s next

Our community has been a part of the Aleo story from the beginning. As we come together to launch mainnet, we are working closely with partners across the ecosystem to support the testing efforts and to verify our readiness. It is our goal to ensure the network meets the needs of our users, not just on day one, but every day after that. It’s truly a team effort, and we want everyone to be aware of our progress towards completing each of these important tests

 

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🔹 From "Basic" to "High" Income 💎

While traditional Universal Basic Income (UBI) 💵 is often proposed as a government safety net to provide a minimum standard of living, Musk argues that AI will lead to Universal High Income (UHI) ✨

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Custom AI assistants that print money in your sleep? 🔜

The future of Crypto x AI is about to go crazy.

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💠 Users set up personalized agents in < 3 minutes
💠 Equipped w/ crypto wallet and on-chain functions
💠 Capable of completing trades, swaps, and staking
💠 Integrates with Coinbase’s SDK, OpenAI, & Replit

👉 What this means for the future of Crypto:

1. Open Access: Democratized access to advanced trading
2. Automated Txns: Complex trades + streamlined on-chain activity
3. AI Dominance: Est ~80% of crypto 👉txns done by AI agents by 2025

🚨 I personally wouldn't bet against Brian Armstrong and Jesse Pollak.

👉 Coinbase just launched an AI agent for Crypto Trading
🚨This Is HUGE! (THINK FREE ENERGY)😉

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Under the terms of the deal, shareholders of both companies will each own approximately 50% of the combined entity on a fully diluted basis. Trump Media has agreed to provide TAE Technologies with $300 million in cash to advance its fusion technology development, including $200 million at signing and an additional $100 million upon regulatory ...

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Stellar CEO Reveals Where Real Opportunity Lies in Crypto Market: Details

In a recent tweet, Stellar Development Foundation (SDF) CEO and Executive Director Denelle Dixon defines what "real opportunity" is in blockchain as a new financial future beckons.

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Real opportunity defined

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Stellar eyes privacy upgrade

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The protocol timeline testnet vote is anticipated for Jan. 7, 2026, while the mainnet vote is expected for Jan. 22, 2026.

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XDC Network's acquisition of Contour Network

XDC Network's acquisition of Contour Network marks a silent shift to connect the digital trade infrastructure to real-time, tokenized settlement rails.

In a world where cross-border payments still take days and trap trillions in idle liquidity, integrating Contour’s trade workflows with XDC Network Blockchains' ISO 20022 financial messaging standard to bridge TradFi and Web3 in Trade Finance.

The Current State of Cross-Border Trade Settlements

Cross-border payments remain one of the most inefficient parts of global finance. For decades, companies have inter-dependency with banks and their correspondent banks across the world, forcing them to maintain trillions of dollars in pre-funded nostro and vostro balances — the capital that sits idle while transactions crawl across borders.

Traditional settlement is slow, often 1–5 days, and often with ~2-3% in FX and conversion fees. For every hour a corporation can’t access its own cash increases the cost of financing, tightens liquidity that could be used for other purposes, which in turn slows economic activity.

Before SWIFT, payments were fully manual. Intermediary banks maintained ledgers, and reconciliation across multiple institutions limited speed and volume.

SWIFT reshaped global payments by introducing a secure, standardized messaging infrastructure through ISO 20022 - which quickly became the language of money for 11,000+ institutions in 200 countries.

But SWIFT only fixed the messaging — not the movement. Actual value still moves through slow, capital-intensive correspondent chains.

Regulated and Compliant Stablecoin such as USDC (Circle) solves the part SWIFT never could: instant, on-chain settlement.

Stablecoin Settlement revamping Trade and Tokenization

Stablecoin such as USDC is a digital token pegged to the US Dollar, still the most widely used currency for trade, enabling the movement of funds instantly 24*7 globally - transparently, instantly, and without the need for any intermediaries and the need to lock in trillions of dollars of idle cash.

Tokenized settlement replaces multi-day reconciliation with on-chain finality, reducing:

  • Dependency on intermediaries
  • Operational friction
  • Trillions locked in idle liquidity

For corporates trapped in long working capital cycles, this is transformative.

Digital dollars like USDC make the process simple:

Fiat → Stablecoin → On-Chain Transfer → Fiat

This hybrid model is already widely used across remittances, payouts, and treasury flows.

But one critical piece of global commerce is still lagging:

👉 Trade finance.

The Missing link is still Trade Finance Infrastructure.

While payments innovation has raced ahead, trade finance infrastructure hasn’t kept up. Document flows, letters of credit, and supply-chain financing remain siloed, paper-heavy, and operationally outdated.

This is exactly where the next breakthrough will happen - and why the recent XDC Network acquisition of Contour is a silent revolution.

It transforms to a new era of trade-driven liquidity through an end-to-end digital trade from shipping docs to payment confirmation – one infrastructure that powers all.

The breakthrough won’t come from payments alone — it will come from connecting trade finance to real-time settlement rails.

The XDC + Contour Shift: A Silent Revolution

  • Contour already connects global banks and corporates through digital LCs and digitized trade workflows.
  • XDC Blockchain brings a settlement layer built for speed, tokenization, and institutional-grade interoperability and ISO 20022 messaging compatibility

Contour’s digital letter of credit workflows will be integrated with XDC’s blockchain network to streamline trade documentation and settlement.

Together, they form the first end-to-end digital trade finance network linking:

Documentation → Validation → Settlement all under a single infrastructure.

XDC Ventures (XVC.TECH) is launching a Stable-Coin Lab to work with financial institutions on regulated stablecoin pilots for trade to deepen institutional trade-finance integration through launch of pilots with banks and corporates for regulated stable-coin issuance and settlement.

The Bottom Line

Payments alone won’t transform Global Trade Finance — Trade finance + Tokenized Settlement will.

This is the shift happening underway XDC Network's acquisition of Contour is the quiet catalyst.

Learn how trade finance is being revolutionised:

https://www.reuters.com/press-releases/xdc-ventures-acquires-contour-network-launches-stablecoin-lab-trade-finance-2025-10-22/

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Inside The Deal That Made Polymarket’s Founder One Of The Youngest Billionaires On Earth🌍

One year ago, the FBI raided Polymarket founder Shayne Coplan’s apartment. Now, the college dropout is a billionaire at age 27.

In July, Jeffrey Sprecher, the 70-year-old billionaire CEO of Intercontinental Exchange, the parent company of the New York Stock Exchange, sat at Manhatta, an upscale restaurant in the financial district overlooking the sprawling New York City skyline from the 60th floor. As a sommelier weaved through tables pouring wine, in walked Shayne Coplan—in a T-shirt and jeans, clutching a plastic water bottle and a paper bag with a bagel he’d picked up en route. Sprecher chuckles as he recalls his first impression of the boyish, eccentric entrepreneur: “An old bald guy that works at the New York Stock Exchange, where we require that you wear a suit and tie, next to a mop-headed guy in a T-shirt that's 27.” But Sprecher was fascinated by Polymarket, Coplan’s blockchain-based prediction market, and after dinner, he made his move: “I asked Shayne if he would consider selling us his company.”

Prediction markets like Polymarket let thousands of ordinary people bet on future events—the unemployment rate, say, or when BitCoin will hit an all-time high. In aggregate, prediction market bets have proven to be something of a crystal ball with the wisdom of the crowd often proving itself more prescient than expert opinion. For instance, Polymarket punters predicted that Trump would prevail in the 2024 presidential election, when many national pundits were sure that Kamala Harris would win.

Coplan initially turned down Sprecher’s buyout offer. But discussions led to negotiations and eventually a deal. In October, Intercontinental announced it had invested $2 billion for an up to 25% stake in the company, bringing the young solo founder the balance he was looking for. “We're consumer, we’re viral, we're culture. They’re finance, they’re headless and they’re infrastructure,” Coplan tells Forbes in a recent interview.

At the same time, Coplan announced investments from other billionaires including Figma’s Dylan Field, Zynga’s Mark Pincus, Uber’s Travis Kalanick and hedge fund manager Glenn Dubin. A longtime Red Hot Chili Peppers fan, Coplan even convinced lead singer Anthony Kiedis to invest after a mutual acquaintance brought the musician to Coplan’s apartment one day. “He's buzzing my door, and I’m like, ‘holy shit,'” Coplan recalls, his bright blue eyes widening. “I love their music. A lot of the inspiration [for my work] comes from the music that I listen to.”

Thanks to the deals, Polymarket’s valuation quickly shot to $9 billion, making the 2025 Under 30 alum the world’s youngest self-made billionaire, with an estimated 11% stake worth $1 billion. His reign was short: twenty days later, he was overtaken as the youngest by the three 22-year-old founders of AI startup Mercor.

Young entrepreneurs are minting ten-figure fortunes faster than ever. In addition to the Mercor trio and Coplan, 15 other Under 30 alumni—including ScaleAI cofounder Lucy Guo, Reddit’s Steve Huffman and Cursor’s cofounders—became billionaires this year, while Guo’s cofounder Alexandr Wang and Robinhood’s Vlad Tenev (both former Under 30 honorees) regained their billionaire status after having fallen out of the ranks.

The budding billionaire has long been fascinated by markets and tech. When he was just 14, Coplan emailed the regional Securities and Exchange Commission office to ask how to create new marketplaces. “I did not get a response, but it’s a really funny email,” he says, grinning playfully as he thinks of his younger self. “It just shows that this stuff takes over a decade of percolating in your mind.”

Two years later, Coplan showed up at the offices of internet startup Genius uninvited after multiple emails of his asking for an internship went ignored. At age 16—at least a decade younger than anyone in that office—he secured his first job after making a memorable impression with his “wild curls” and “encyclopedic knowledge of billionaire tech entrepreneurs.” “If he chooses to become a tech entrepreneur, which seems likely, I have no doubt that we’ll be seeing his name again in the press before long,” Chris Glazek, his manager at the time, wrote in Coplan’s college recommendation letter.

Coplan went on to study computer science at NYU, but dropped out in 2017 to work on various crypto projects that never took off. In 2020, he founded Polymarket to create a solution to the “rampant misinformation” he saw in the world: The company’s first market allowed users to bet on when New York City would reopen amid the pandemic. He soon expanded into elections and pop culture happenings, among other events.

But it didn’t take long for the company to butt heads with regulators. In January 2022, Polymarket paid a $1.4 million fine to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission for offering unregistered markets. It was also ordered to block all U.S. users, but activity on Polymarket skyrocketed particularly during the 2024 U.S. presidential election, with bets totaling $3.6 billion. A week after the election, the FBI raided Coplan's apartment and seized his devices as part of an investigation into a possible violation of this agreement. Shortly after, Coplan posted on his X account that he saw the raid as “a last-ditch effort” from the Biden administration “to go after companies they deem to be associated with political opponents.”

In July, the Department of Justice and CFTC dropped the investigations—after which Sprecher reached out to Coplan for dinner—and less than a week later, Polymarket announced it had acquired CFTC-licensed derivatives exchange QCX to prepare for a compliant U.S. launch. QCX applied to be a federally-registered exchange in 2022—an application that was left dormant for three years before receiving approval less than two weeks before the acquisition was announced. When asked about the timing of the deal, Coplan points to CFTC acting chairwoman Caroline Pham, who President Trump tapped to lead the agency in January. “Caroline deserves a lot of credit for getting every single license that had been paused for no reason approved, as acting chairwoman in less than a year,” he says. Coplan had realized an acquisition might be the only way for Polymarket to legally operate in the U.S. as early as 2021 due to the lengthy federal approval process, a source familiar with the deal told Forbes.

Just two months after the acquisition and days after Donald Trump Jr. joined Polymarket’s advisory board, the company received federal approval to launch in the U.S. (Trump Jr. has also served as a strategic advisor to Polymarket’s main competitor Kalshi since January.)

Polymarket’s rapid rise has drawn critics. Dennis Kelleher, co-founder and CEO of Washington-based financial advocacy group Better Markets, told Forbes in an email that the current administration’s deregulation around prediction markets has unlocked a regulatory “loophole” to enable “unregulated gambling” under the CFTC, “which has zero expertise, capacity or resources to regulate and police these markets.” Kelleher added that with backing from the Trump family “who are directly trying to profit on this new gambling den… the massive deregulation and crypto hysteria will almost certainly end badly for the American people.”

Investors and businesses are scrambling to seize the moment of deregulation. “We had opportunities to invest in events markets earlier, but there was a lot of risk,” Sprecher says, listing the regulatory changes in favor of crypto and prediction markets under the current administration. “This was the moment to invest if we wanted to still be early in the space.”

In the last few months, Trump’s Truth Social and sportsbook FanDuel, as well as cryptocurrency exchanges Crypto.com, Coinbase and Gemini all announced their own plans to offer prediction markets. Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev said prediction markets, which were integrated into its platform in March, were helping drive record activity for the retail brokerage in its third quarter earnings call.

“People are starting to realize right now that the opportunities are endless,” says Dubin, the billionaire hedge fund veteran who invested in Polymarket earlier this year. He points to sports betting companies, which have been regulated by states as gambling activity and taxed accordingly. States like New York can tax up to 51% of sportsbooks’ revenue, but federally-regulated prediction markets can bypass state laws, avoiding taxes and operating in all 50 states. With the realization that prediction markets could upend the sports betting industry—which brought in $13.7 billion in revenue in 2024—businesses are quickly jumping on board despite pushback from state gambling regulators. In October, both Polymarket and Kalshi secured partnerships with sportsbook PrizePicks and the National Hockey League, and Polymarket announced exclusive partnerships with sportsbook DraftKings and the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

The disruption won’t be limited to sports betting. Alongside its investment, Intercontinental’s tens of thousands of institutional clients including large hedge funds and over 750 third-party providers of data will soon have access to Polymarket data, as it gets integrated into Intercontinental’s products such as indices to better inform investment decisions. It also hopes to work with Polymarket to work on initiatives around tokenization—or converting financial assets into digital tokens on blockchain technology—to allow traders on Intercontinental’s exchanges to trade more flexibly at all hours of the day, Sprecher says. What’s more, in November, Google Finance announced it would integrate Polymarket and Kalshi data into its search results, while Yahoo Finance also announced an exclusive partnership with Polymarket.

Despite flashy investors, partnerships and a record $2.4 billion of trading volume in November, Polymarket has yet to launch in the U.S. or turn a profit. Coplan and his investors have hinted at ways the company could make money one day—selling its data, charging fees to users, launching a cryptocurrency token (similar to Ethereum or Bitcoin)—but decline to confirm any specifics. For now, the only thing that’s certain is the bet Coplan is making on himself. “Going for it and having it not pan out is an infinitely better outcome than living your life as a what if,” he says.

Standing across from the New York Stock Exchange building, Coplan tilts his head up as he watches a massive banner with Polymarket’s logo get hoisted onto the exterior of the building. It’s been five years since founding. One year since the FBI raid. He’s taking it all in. “Against all odds,” the bright blue banner reads, rippling in the wind alongside three American flags protruding from the building.

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