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What Is PayFi? The Future Of Payments With Tokenized RWAs And On-Chain Credit
February 13, 2025
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What Is Payment Finance (PayFi)? 

Payfi, or Payment Finance, is a broad term that generally refers to the intersection of financing payments and decentralized finance (DeFi). It leverages blockchain to offer faster, more efficient, and potentially cheaper financial transactions to unlock the time value of money.


 

Key Takeaways

  • PayFi focuses on real-time settlement and bridging DeFi with real-world assets (RWAs), addressing the limitations of both ecosystems.

  • PayFi enables users to unlock TVM (Time Value of Money) through decentralized finance, offering instant access to future cash flows for reinvestment.

  • Solana supports PayFi with high performance (400ms block times), deep liquidity, and a growing developer community.

  • PayFi use cases include accounts receivable financing, creator monetization, and "Buy Now Pay Never" models that leverage interest for payments.

Satoshi Nakamoto's whitepaper introduces Bitcoin as peer-to-peer (P2P) electronic cash for online payments among peers without third-party intervention. Fast-forward 15 years, Bitcoin is still not widely used as a digital payment medium for daily activities. 

Instead, stablecoins’ popularity seemed to have found a better product-market fit (compared to L1 tokens like BTC) for settlements, and since 2020, they’ve grown to a market cap of over $170 billion (as of October 2024).

For instance, stablecoins’ transaction volume is more than double that of Visa’s in the second quarter of 2024, according to a report by Andreessen Horowitz.

However, while stablecoins have facilitated everyday transactions, they haven't fully bridged the gap between traditional finance and the decentralized world. More importantly, they have not addressed the challenge of realizing the time value of money.

This is where Payfi comes in.

PayFi's solutions aim to make real-world financial transactions more efficient through innovations in cross-border payment financing and instant settlement for real-world assets (RWAs).

Understanding PayFi: DeFi Meets Payments Financing 

Lily Liu, President of the Solana Foundation, is credited with coining the term PayFi, which she describes as the creation of new financial markets centered on the time value of money. Liu asserts that on-chain finance can unlock innovative financial products and experiences that are not possible in traditional or web2 finance.

While DeFi provides a vast array of financial services, think staking, lending, and more, PayFi's primary focus is on real-time settlement to help individuals and businesses access and utilize the time value of money more efficiently.

Also mentioned in Messari's "The Crypto Theses 2025" report, PayFi helps to bridge two highly potential ecosystems, RWA and DeFi, by tackling their major challenges. RWAs’ illiquidity, despite its massive value and DeFi's detachment from the real econhttps://x.com/humafinance/status/1844510148082929797omy, can potentially be addressed with the efficient implementation of PayFi solutions.

Time Value of Money (TVM): PayFi's Core Concept from The Financial Industry 

Time Value of Money (TVM) is a fundamental financial concept that emphasizes the idea that a dollar's value today is greater than its value in the future. This concept is relevant in today's world because money invested now has the potential to generate higher returns compared to money received at a later time, as its value decreases over time due to inflation.

For example, suppose a person won a prize of $100,000 and needs to choose between receiving the full amount today or receiving it in equal monthly installments over the next five years. According to the TVM principle, taking the lump sum today would likely be more beneficial than opting for a monthly passive income, as the money can be invested immediately to generate returns, whereas the future installments would lose purchasing power due to inflation.

PayFi uses blockchain’s ability to be borderless to help users realize TVM via decentralized money markets. Besides reducing transaction costs, users can benefit from faster transaction times to reinvest their money or assets effectively.

Solana With PayFi: Transforming Global Financial Markets 

According to Solana Foundation President Lily Liu, there are three key requirements for a blockchain for PayFi-based applications to flourish on the network:

  • High performance

  • Large capital liquidity

  • Ample talent liquidity

1. Performance 

Near-instant settlements and T+0 cross-border transaction times are some of the biggest USPs of PayFi. To achieve such performance, a fast and reliable blockchain infrastructure is paramount.

Through Proof of History (PoH), Solana achieves block times of 400 milliseconds, allowing it to process (theoretically) over 100,000 transactions per second (TPS).

Along with this performance, the transaction fee of below $0.01 makes the blockchain more attractive for users and projects to try their hands on PayFi.

2. Capital Liquidity 

The availability of highly liquid capital is crucial for smooth operation, including real-time transactions, which the Solana ecosystem effectively provides. Solana has a total value locked (TVL) above $6 billion, ensuring ample liquidity for PayFi transactions.

USD Coin (USDC), the largest stablecoin on Solana, with a market cap of close to $2.5 billion, makes it a key pillar in maintaining liquidity and helping PayFi networks like Huma facilitate on-demand, cross-border lending, and remittances.

3. Talent Liquidity

A strong developer community is essential for building PayFi for a larger number of crypto users. Solana has a growing number of monthly active developers in the crypto ecosystem. To emphasize,  the number of total monthly active Solana developers rose from 244 in April 2020 to more than 3,300 in April 2024.  

Considering these, Solana is a suitable blockchain for practical PayFi use cases. The chain is capable of combining the best performance with low fees, capital liquidity, and an active developer community.

Potential Applications Of PayFi

According to Mordor Intelligence, the global payment financing market is expected to reach $2.85 trillion in 2024 and grow to $4.78 trillion by 2029. The Asia Pacific region is expected to grow the fastest during this period and account for the largest market share.

This immense growth highlights the critical need for efficient, scalable, and accessible financial infrastructure — exactly what PayFi aims to deliver.

Here are some potential applications of PayFi that can reshape the future of finance.

Buy Now Pay Never

Buy Now Pay Never allows users to benefit from the time value of money principle, where users can buy a product or service without the need to pay for it later. In this case, the user deposits an adequate amount of funds to PayFi-supported products and uses its interest as a payment method.

Imagine you want to buy a new phone that costs $1,000. Instead of paying upfront or taking out a traditional loan, you could use a PayFi platform to commit a portion of your future earnings toward the purchase. Let's say you agree to pay $100 per month from your salary.

Here's where yield-bearing stablecoins come in. These stablecoins generate interest while they are held. The PayFi platform could use your committed $100 monthly payments to purchase these stablecoins. These stablecoins are then locked into a smart contract that automatically generates yield. Over time, the accumulated interest and principal from the yield-bearing stablecoins will eventually cover the cost of the phone.

Once the total amount reaches $1,000, the smart contract automatically executes the final payment to the seller, and you officially own the phone without ever having to make a lump-sum payment.

Account Receivable

Accounts receivable financing bothers the majority of businesses without surplus funding or financial institutions' backup, which might even lead to operational failures due to a lack of money. According to the Atradius report, 55% of businesses in the US receive late invoice payments, and 9% face bad debt.

To address this issue, PayFi introduces a decentralized and automated approach to accounts receivable financing. Traditional invoice financing relies heavily on intermediaries such as banks or financial institutions, causing delays, added fees, and restrictive credit evaluations. With PayFi, businesses can access instant liquidity by tokenizing their invoices or receivables and using them as collateral on blockchain-based platforms.

The availability of faster funds helps businesses maintain a safety cushion, allowing them to have a runway fund for unexpected expenses or to expand their growth opportunities without the constraints of delayed payments.

Creator Monetization

The creator economy is on a rapid upsurge with the global market size expected to surpass $500 billion by 2030. However, even on popular platforms, creators have to wait weeks to earn revenue for their latest videos. 

In this scenario, PayFi can help content creators finance their video production by providing funds beforehand to create the complete video, which they can return automatically based on the return generated from streaming revenue.

This PayFi service allows creators, especially micro-influencers, to continuously deliver videos without waiting until their next pay.

Notable Players In PayFi Space

As slow remittances and settlement times continue to slow down commerce, many teams are coming together to tackle the challenges head-on.

Here, we will look at three notable projects in the PayFi ecosystem:

  1. Huma Finance

  2. PolyFlow

  3. TLay

1. Huma Finance

Huma Finance is an innovative platform focusing on bridging DeFi with real-world financial applications, particularly through income-backed lending and payment financing solutions.

The project positions itself as a pioneer in the Payment Finance (PayFi) space, using blockchain’s capabilities to offer real-time, borderless liquidity for businesses and individuals.

Huma Finance provides an on-chain factoring market, allowing businesses to borrow against future income or invoices. This solution helps companies with cash flow challenges, offering immediate liquidity by transforming receivables into digital assets on the blockchain.

The platform's integration with networks like Circle, Superfluid, and Request Network showcases its focus on making decentralized invoice financing accessible and efficient for various stakeholders​.

With recent funding of $38 million and a partnership with Arf to expand liquidity offerings, Huma is growing its PayFi network across blockchains like Stellar and Solana. Its approach enables faster settlements and makes financial services more accessible by moving away from asset-based lending towards cash-flow-based underwriting.

Core Focus

  • PayFi: Huma is a pioneer in the PayFi space, aiming to bring traditional payment financing processes onto the blockchain. This includes invoice financing, supply chain financing, and more.   

  • Global lending: They facilitate cross-border lending and borrowing, making it easier for businesses and individuals to access capital regardless of location.   

  • Real-world assets (RWAs): Huma is working to connect real-world assets to the blockchain, enabling new financing opportunities and unlocking liquidity for previously illiquid assets.

2. PolyFlow

PolyFlow is a blockchain-based infrastructure designed to improve the Payment Finance (PayFi) ecosystem by integrating DeFi with real-world payments and assets. Its primary goal is to address the limitations of traditional and blockchain-based payments by improving compliance, scalability, and transparency.

PolyFlow introduces two key elements:

  1. Payment ID (PID): This decentralized ID system securely manages transaction flows, protecting user privacy through zero-knowledge proofs while ensuring regulatory compliance. PID functions similarly to a digital wallet, containing various elements like payment methods, digital identities, or NFTs, enhancing cross-functional use.

  2. Payment Liquidity Pool (PLP): This component facilitates the secure and efficient movement of funds without relying on centralized institutions. Using smart contracts, PLP automates fund flows, reducing settlement risks and enhancing capital utilization for both TradFi and DeFi systems.

PolyFlow is working to create a unified financial infrastructure by decoupling the information and fund flows, which were traditionally managed by centralized systems. This modular framework ensures compliance with regulatory requirements and mitigates custodial risks.

The project is already collaborating with partners like OKX Wallet and exploring innovative use cases like “Scan to Earn”.

Core Focus

  • PayFi infrastructure: PolyFlow is developing basic infrastructure for the PayFi ecosystem. They're focused on bridging the gap between traditional payment systems and decentralized finance (DeFi).   

  • Regulatory compliance: A key aspect of their approach is ensuring regulatory compliance. They aim to build a system that meets regulatory requirements while still making the best of what blockchain has to offer.

  • Security and efficiency: PolyFlow prioritizes security and efficiency in its design to support net settlements and micropayments on blockchain networks, reflecting Bitcoin’s original vision.

3. TLay

TLay (Trust Layer for DePIN) is a decentralized infrastructure layer designed for Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN). Its goal is to bridge the physical and digital worlds by offering modular tools that facilitate large-scale collaboration among machines and devices, and enabling the management of RWAs through blockchain-based solutions.

TLay integrates various technologies, including trusted chipsets, IoT oracle services, and DePIN-specific appchains. This structure simplifies the development process for projects in the DePIN ecosystem by providing ready-to-use frameworks and tools for bootstrapping new applications. Developers can use these components to quickly launch innovative distributed digital finance and business solutions.

One of TLay’s main objectives is to ensure data authenticity, privacy, and transparency. For example, its BoAT3 IoT Oracle Service authenticates data from physical devices directly onto the blockchain, preventing data manipulation while supporting privacy. This setup is crucial for creating trust within DePIN ecosystems, where accurate real-time data feeds are necessary.

In collaboration with partners like Huma Finance, TLay also plays a role in PayFi (Payment Finance) innovations by ensuring trust and data security. This partnership allows PayFi systems to leverage trusted on-chain data to provide credit and real-time lending solutions, helping drive the development of machine-based economies where automated payments and financing are key drivers of growth.

Core Focus

  • DePIN infrastructure: TLay focuses on decentralized physical infrastructure networks, which include things like wireless networks, renewable energy grids, and sensor networks.

  • Digital twin technology: They create digital representations (or "digital twins") of physical assets on the blockchain. This allows for secure and transparent tracking, management, and monetization of these assets.

  • Data integrity: TLay ensures the integrity of data coming from physical assets using cryptographic proofs and decentralized consensus mechanisms. This is crucial for building trust and reliability in DePIN networks.

Conclusion

Payment Finance (PayFi) changes the way payments are conducted in the financial space, including traditional decentralized finance. With the proper implementation of PayFi solutions, users can access future capital “now” and finance their other interests.

We're still in the early stages of the PayFi revolution, but the potential is enormous. By connecting RWAs, automating payments, and merging DeFi with TradFi, PayFi is transforming the financial landscape.

Further, with events like the 2024 PayFi Summit, co-hosted by Solana, the word is spreading rapidly and community growth is accelerating. Given the nature of the technology, PayFi applications will very quickly go beyond the virtual world and impact the real-world economy.

 

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Stellar CEO Reveals Where Real Opportunity Lies in Crypto Market: Details

In a recent tweet, Stellar Development Foundation (SDF) CEO and Executive Director Denelle Dixon defines what "real opportunity" is in blockchain as a new financial future beckons.

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XDC Network's acquisition of Contour Network

XDC Network's acquisition of Contour Network marks a silent shift to connect the digital trade infrastructure to real-time, tokenized settlement rails.

In a world where cross-border payments still take days and trap trillions in idle liquidity, integrating Contour’s trade workflows with XDC Network Blockchains' ISO 20022 financial messaging standard to bridge TradFi and Web3 in Trade Finance.

The Current State of Cross-Border Trade Settlements

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Traditional settlement is slow, often 1–5 days, and often with ~2-3% in FX and conversion fees. For every hour a corporation can’t access its own cash increases the cost of financing, tightens liquidity that could be used for other purposes, which in turn slows economic activity.

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Regulated and Compliant Stablecoin such as USDC (Circle) solves the part SWIFT never could: instant, on-chain settlement.

Stablecoin Settlement revamping Trade and Tokenization

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The XDC + Contour Shift: A Silent Revolution

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The Bottom Line

Payments alone won’t transform Global Trade Finance — Trade finance + Tokenized Settlement will.

This is the shift happening underway XDC Network's acquisition of Contour is the quiet catalyst.

Learn how trade finance is being revolutionised:

https://www.reuters.com/press-releases/xdc-ventures-acquires-contour-network-launches-stablecoin-lab-trade-finance-2025-10-22/

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One year ago, the FBI raided Polymarket founder Shayne Coplan’s apartment. Now, the college dropout is a billionaire at age 27.

In July, Jeffrey Sprecher, the 70-year-old billionaire CEO of Intercontinental Exchange, the parent company of the New York Stock Exchange, sat at Manhatta, an upscale restaurant in the financial district overlooking the sprawling New York City skyline from the 60th floor. As a sommelier weaved through tables pouring wine, in walked Shayne Coplan—in a T-shirt and jeans, clutching a plastic water bottle and a paper bag with a bagel he’d picked up en route. Sprecher chuckles as he recalls his first impression of the boyish, eccentric entrepreneur: “An old bald guy that works at the New York Stock Exchange, where we require that you wear a suit and tie, next to a mop-headed guy in a T-shirt that's 27.” But Sprecher was fascinated by Polymarket, Coplan’s blockchain-based prediction market, and after dinner, he made his move: “I asked Shayne if he would consider selling us his company.”

Prediction markets like Polymarket let thousands of ordinary people bet on future events—the unemployment rate, say, or when BitCoin will hit an all-time high. In aggregate, prediction market bets have proven to be something of a crystal ball with the wisdom of the crowd often proving itself more prescient than expert opinion. For instance, Polymarket punters predicted that Trump would prevail in the 2024 presidential election, when many national pundits were sure that Kamala Harris would win.

Coplan initially turned down Sprecher’s buyout offer. But discussions led to negotiations and eventually a deal. In October, Intercontinental announced it had invested $2 billion for an up to 25% stake in the company, bringing the young solo founder the balance he was looking for. “We're consumer, we’re viral, we're culture. They’re finance, they’re headless and they’re infrastructure,” Coplan tells Forbes in a recent interview.

At the same time, Coplan announced investments from other billionaires including Figma’s Dylan Field, Zynga’s Mark Pincus, Uber’s Travis Kalanick and hedge fund manager Glenn Dubin. A longtime Red Hot Chili Peppers fan, Coplan even convinced lead singer Anthony Kiedis to invest after a mutual acquaintance brought the musician to Coplan’s apartment one day. “He's buzzing my door, and I’m like, ‘holy shit,'” Coplan recalls, his bright blue eyes widening. “I love their music. A lot of the inspiration [for my work] comes from the music that I listen to.”

Thanks to the deals, Polymarket’s valuation quickly shot to $9 billion, making the 2025 Under 30 alum the world’s youngest self-made billionaire, with an estimated 11% stake worth $1 billion. His reign was short: twenty days later, he was overtaken as the youngest by the three 22-year-old founders of AI startup Mercor.

Young entrepreneurs are minting ten-figure fortunes faster than ever. In addition to the Mercor trio and Coplan, 15 other Under 30 alumni—including ScaleAI cofounder Lucy Guo, Reddit’s Steve Huffman and Cursor’s cofounders—became billionaires this year, while Guo’s cofounder Alexandr Wang and Robinhood’s Vlad Tenev (both former Under 30 honorees) regained their billionaire status after having fallen out of the ranks.

The budding billionaire has long been fascinated by markets and tech. When he was just 14, Coplan emailed the regional Securities and Exchange Commission office to ask how to create new marketplaces. “I did not get a response, but it’s a really funny email,” he says, grinning playfully as he thinks of his younger self. “It just shows that this stuff takes over a decade of percolating in your mind.”

Two years later, Coplan showed up at the offices of internet startup Genius uninvited after multiple emails of his asking for an internship went ignored. At age 16—at least a decade younger than anyone in that office—he secured his first job after making a memorable impression with his “wild curls” and “encyclopedic knowledge of billionaire tech entrepreneurs.” “If he chooses to become a tech entrepreneur, which seems likely, I have no doubt that we’ll be seeing his name again in the press before long,” Chris Glazek, his manager at the time, wrote in Coplan’s college recommendation letter.

Coplan went on to study computer science at NYU, but dropped out in 2017 to work on various crypto projects that never took off. In 2020, he founded Polymarket to create a solution to the “rampant misinformation” he saw in the world: The company’s first market allowed users to bet on when New York City would reopen amid the pandemic. He soon expanded into elections and pop culture happenings, among other events.

But it didn’t take long for the company to butt heads with regulators. In January 2022, Polymarket paid a $1.4 million fine to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission for offering unregistered markets. It was also ordered to block all U.S. users, but activity on Polymarket skyrocketed particularly during the 2024 U.S. presidential election, with bets totaling $3.6 billion. A week after the election, the FBI raided Coplan's apartment and seized his devices as part of an investigation into a possible violation of this agreement. Shortly after, Coplan posted on his X account that he saw the raid as “a last-ditch effort” from the Biden administration “to go after companies they deem to be associated with political opponents.”

In July, the Department of Justice and CFTC dropped the investigations—after which Sprecher reached out to Coplan for dinner—and less than a week later, Polymarket announced it had acquired CFTC-licensed derivatives exchange QCX to prepare for a compliant U.S. launch. QCX applied to be a federally-registered exchange in 2022—an application that was left dormant for three years before receiving approval less than two weeks before the acquisition was announced. When asked about the timing of the deal, Coplan points to CFTC acting chairwoman Caroline Pham, who President Trump tapped to lead the agency in January. “Caroline deserves a lot of credit for getting every single license that had been paused for no reason approved, as acting chairwoman in less than a year,” he says. Coplan had realized an acquisition might be the only way for Polymarket to legally operate in the U.S. as early as 2021 due to the lengthy federal approval process, a source familiar with the deal told Forbes.

Just two months after the acquisition and days after Donald Trump Jr. joined Polymarket’s advisory board, the company received federal approval to launch in the U.S. (Trump Jr. has also served as a strategic advisor to Polymarket’s main competitor Kalshi since January.)

Polymarket’s rapid rise has drawn critics. Dennis Kelleher, co-founder and CEO of Washington-based financial advocacy group Better Markets, told Forbes in an email that the current administration’s deregulation around prediction markets has unlocked a regulatory “loophole” to enable “unregulated gambling” under the CFTC, “which has zero expertise, capacity or resources to regulate and police these markets.” Kelleher added that with backing from the Trump family “who are directly trying to profit on this new gambling den… the massive deregulation and crypto hysteria will almost certainly end badly for the American people.”

Investors and businesses are scrambling to seize the moment of deregulation. “We had opportunities to invest in events markets earlier, but there was a lot of risk,” Sprecher says, listing the regulatory changes in favor of crypto and prediction markets under the current administration. “This was the moment to invest if we wanted to still be early in the space.”

In the last few months, Trump’s Truth Social and sportsbook FanDuel, as well as cryptocurrency exchanges Crypto.com, Coinbase and Gemini all announced their own plans to offer prediction markets. Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev said prediction markets, which were integrated into its platform in March, were helping drive record activity for the retail brokerage in its third quarter earnings call.

“People are starting to realize right now that the opportunities are endless,” says Dubin, the billionaire hedge fund veteran who invested in Polymarket earlier this year. He points to sports betting companies, which have been regulated by states as gambling activity and taxed accordingly. States like New York can tax up to 51% of sportsbooks’ revenue, but federally-regulated prediction markets can bypass state laws, avoiding taxes and operating in all 50 states. With the realization that prediction markets could upend the sports betting industry—which brought in $13.7 billion in revenue in 2024—businesses are quickly jumping on board despite pushback from state gambling regulators. In October, both Polymarket and Kalshi secured partnerships with sportsbook PrizePicks and the National Hockey League, and Polymarket announced exclusive partnerships with sportsbook DraftKings and the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

The disruption won’t be limited to sports betting. Alongside its investment, Intercontinental’s tens of thousands of institutional clients including large hedge funds and over 750 third-party providers of data will soon have access to Polymarket data, as it gets integrated into Intercontinental’s products such as indices to better inform investment decisions. It also hopes to work with Polymarket to work on initiatives around tokenization—or converting financial assets into digital tokens on blockchain technology—to allow traders on Intercontinental’s exchanges to trade more flexibly at all hours of the day, Sprecher says. What’s more, in November, Google Finance announced it would integrate Polymarket and Kalshi data into its search results, while Yahoo Finance also announced an exclusive partnership with Polymarket.

Despite flashy investors, partnerships and a record $2.4 billion of trading volume in November, Polymarket has yet to launch in the U.S. or turn a profit. Coplan and his investors have hinted at ways the company could make money one day—selling its data, charging fees to users, launching a cryptocurrency token (similar to Ethereum or Bitcoin)—but decline to confirm any specifics. For now, the only thing that’s certain is the bet Coplan is making on himself. “Going for it and having it not pan out is an infinitely better outcome than living your life as a what if,” he says.

Standing across from the New York Stock Exchange building, Coplan tilts his head up as he watches a massive banner with Polymarket’s logo get hoisted onto the exterior of the building. It’s been five years since founding. One year since the FBI raid. He’s taking it all in. “Against all odds,” the bright blue banner reads, rippling in the wind alongside three American flags protruding from the building.

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