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🌌 A Journey Through the Cosmos šŸ›°ļø
November 27, 2022
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Dexter has finally found a home for setting up its AMM base in the Interchain — šŸ’„PersistencešŸ’„

Let’s look at Dexter’s journey through the Cosmos and find out why Dexter believes in the Cosmos vision and what makes šŸ’„PersistencešŸ’„ a suitable home for theĀ Interchain DEX for Yield — Generating Assets.

Ā 

Building in Cosmos

Cosmos is the Internet of Blockchains, a network of application-specific blockchains that can pass assets and messages among each other. If Ethereum is a mainframe computer, Cosmos is a protocol for networking independent servers.

The Cosmos tech stack focuses on the sovereignty of blockchains and interoperability among them, allowing anyone to spin up a blockchain while offering complete customization, making it suitable for application-specific use cases.

L1s like Ethereum face limitations to performance owing to network congestion due to several applications running on a single shared chain. Cosmos avoids this challenge by building an infrastructure for communication between individual application-specific blockchains — IBC.

IBC (Inter-Blockchain Communication) protocol allows individual blockchains in Cosmos to communicate among themselves.IBC is built-in with Cosmos chains, eliminating the use of bridges with inherent risk.

Cosmos scales with independent chains, each with its own set of validators, offering greater scalability than platforms where everything has to be secured by all validators. This also avoids gas fee competition between applications on a single chain, allowing applications to scale efficiently.

Cosmos allows applications to deploy on a range of chains, each serving a specific use case, like Secret Network for privacy and Persistence for liquid-staking.

Ā 

Liquid-Staking in Cosmos

Cosmos-based chains leverage the Tendermint consensus mechanism, an optimized version of Proof-of-Stake consensus, which requires users to stake their assets with validators to secure the network.

Proof-of-Stake networks aim to maintain a large amount of assets staked across several validators to ensure network security and prevent attacks. This presents users with a dilemma of staking their assets or using them in DeFi.

Liquid staking allows users to mint representative tokens for their staked assets, which can be used in DeFi, while these assets grow in value over time based on an exchange rate.

Liquid Staking zones like šŸ’„PersistencešŸ’„ and Stride will unlock liquidity for staked assets in Interchain DeFi.

With overĀ 50Ā zones and still growing, Cosmos is an ever-expanding ecosystem of PoS blockchains, with a total market cap of aroundĀ $60BĀ at the time of writing and overĀ $5BĀ worth of assets staked.

The Cosmos ecosystem is a perfect neighborhood for Dexter — AMM focused on liquid-staked assets.

Ā 

Interchain Security and Liquid Staking

Interchain Security on Cosmos would allow a provider chain (like the Cosmos Hub) to be in charge of producing blocks for a consumer chain by sharing validators. Hence, avoiding the need to set up a set of validators for new chains, lowering the barrier to launching and running public blockchains.

Since all consumer chains will rely on validators on the Cosmos Hub for security, a large amount of ATOM must be staked across validators to prevent attacks.

On the other hand, the rise of DeFi in Cosmos has led to a greater utility for ATOM.

Cosmos Hub should maintain a high staking ratio while preserving liquidity for ATOM for a thriving DeFi ecosystem.

Hence, šŸ’„liquid staking zones will be essential to drive the growth of the Cosmos ecosystem.šŸ’„

Dexter facilitates liquidity for staked ATOM in the Interchain DeFi ecosystem by building an AMM for liquid-staked assets like stkATOM and stATOM, allowing users to swap for instant liquidity.

Ā 

DeFi in Cosmos

DeFi in the Cosmos ecosystem has seen significant growth. The app-chain model is becoming increasingly popular as projects look forward to sovereignty and customizability while being a part of a thriving ecosystem.

As a result, the utility for ATOM and other Cosmos assets has grown, providing more opportunities to DeFi users.

With the growth of DeFi protocols like money markets in Cosmos, users can mint interest-bearing tokens, which generate yield as the interest accrues on them. Dexter would support these tokens to maximize capital efficiency for users.

The Cosmos DeFi ecosystem is still nascent compared to L1s like Ethereum and Solana and is limited to a few zones. Pioneers in the AMM space, Like Balancer and Uniswap on Ethereum, have gone through multiple iterations of innovation to build gold-standard DeFi applications. The growth of the Cosmos DeFi ecosystem needs more innovation.

Dexter has learned a lot about AMMs on his adventures throughout the DeFi ecosystem and plans to use all of his wisdom to build his AMM base. By supporting multiple types of AMM models on the protocol, Dexter aims to bring the best innovations in AMMs across DeFi to the Interchain and will serve a multitude of users with varying needs.

Ā 

šŸ’„Persistence — The Liquid Staking HubšŸ’„

After a long journey across the Interchain, Dexter has finally chosen šŸ’„PersistencešŸ’„ as its home for its endeavors. Let’s look into how it chose its new home.

Persistence has been a pioneer in the Cosmos ecosystem, being at the forefront of the liquid staking revolution, an early adopter of IBC, and one of the most active contributors.

The Persistence chain comprises Persistence SDK with modules focused on liquid staking and Interchain modules such as ICA, ICQ powered by IBC, and Cosmwasm, and facilitates the issuance and deployment of liquid-stakedĀ stkASSETsĀ while supporting all kinds of liquid-staked assets from other zones.

On top of the Persistence Core-1 chain sits the liquid-staked asset issuance layer powered by protocols such as pSTAKE Finance which allows users to stake their PoS assets (e.g., ATOM, XPRT, OSMO, etc.) and issues liquid-staked representative tokens (e.g., stkATOM, stkXPRT, stkOSMO). Over time the Persistence ecosystem will have liquid-staked assets from multiple protocols such as Stride, Quicksilver, Lido, etc.

Persistence offers a great developer experience and support for CosmWasm contracts. This enables developers to build high-performance applications with easy upgradability.

As Dexter’s search for a home in the Cosmos ecosystem ends, we shall soon look into its plan for the base and the various AMM models it uses for v1.

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US Dept of Commerce to publish GDP data on blockchain

On Tuesday during a televised White House cabinet meeting, Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick announced the intention to publish GDP statistics on blockchains. Today Chainlink and Pyth said they were selected as the decentralized oracles to distribute the data.

Lutnick said, ā€œThe Department of Commerce is going to start issuing its statistics on the blockchain because you are the crypto President. And we are going to put out GDP on the blockchain, so people can use the blockchain for data distribution. And then we’re going to make that available to the entire government. So, all of you can do it. We’re just ironing out all the details.ā€

The data includes Real GDP and the PCE Price Index,Ā which reflects changes in the prices of domestic consumer goods and services. The statistics are released monthly and quarterly. The biggest initial use will likely be by on-chain prediction markets. But as more data comes online, such as broader inflation data or interest rates from the Federal Reserve, it could be used to automate various financial instruments. Apart from using the data in smart contracts, sources of tamperproof data šŸ‘‰will become increasingly important for generative AI.

While it would be possible to procure the data from third parties, it is always ideal to get it from the source to ensure its accuracy. Getting data directly from government sources makes it tamperproof, provided the original data feed has not been manipulated before it reaches the oracle.

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List Of Cardano Wallets

Well-known and actively maintained wallets supporting the Cardano Blockchain areĀ Eternl,Ā Typhon,Ā Vespr,Ā Yoroi,Ā Lace,Ā ADAlite,Ā NuFi,Ā Daedalus,Ā Gero,Ā LodeWallet,Ā Coin Wallet,Ā ADAWallet,Ā Atomic,Ā Gem Wallet,Ā TrustĀ andĀ Exodus.

Note that in case of issues, usually only queries relating to official wallets can be answered in Cardano groups across telegram/forum. You may need to consult with specific wallet support teams for third party wallets.

Tips

  • Its is important to ensure that you're in sole control of your wallet keys, and that the keys used can be restored via alternate wallet providers if a particular one is non-functional. Hence, put extra attention toĀ Non-CustodialĀ andĀ CompatibilityĀ fields.
  • The score column below is strictly a count of checks against each feature listed, the impact of specific feature (and thus, score) is up to reader's descretion.
  • The table represents current state on mainnet network, any future roadmap activities are out-of-scope.
  • Info on individual fields can be found towards the end of the page.
  • Any field that shows partial support (eg: open-source field) does not score the point for that field.

Brief info on fields above

  • Non-Custodial: are wallets where payment as well as stake keys are not shared/reused by wallet provider, and funds can be transparently verified on explorer
  • Compatibility: If the wallet mnemonics/keys can easily (for non-technical user) be used outside of specific wallet provider in major other wallets
  • Stake Control: Freedom to elect stake pool for user to delegate to (in user-friendly way)
  • Transparent Support: Easy approachability of a public interactive - eg: discord/telegram - group (with non-anonymous users) who can help out with support. Twitter/Email supports do not count for a check
  • Voting: Ability to participate in Catalyst voting process
  • Hardware Wallet: Integration with atleast Ledger Nano device
  • Native Assets: Ability to view native assets that belong to wallet
  • dApp Integration: Ability to interact with dApps
  • Stability: represents whether there have been large number of users reporting missing tokens/balance due to wallet backend being out of sync
  • Testnets Support: Ability to easily (for end-user) open wallets in atleast one of the cardano testnet networks
  • Custom Backend Support: Ability to elect a custom backend URL for selecting alternate way to submit transactions transactions created on client machines
  • Single/Multi Address Mode: Ability to use/import Single as well as Multiple Address modes for a wallet
  • Mobile App: Availability on atleast one of the popular mobile platforms
  • Desktop (app,extension,web): Ways to open wallet app on desktop PCs
  • Open Source: Whether the complete wallet (all components) are open source and can be run independently.

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